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	Eng ID	Term	Definition
	1541	eccentric angle	See LATITUDE: PARAMETRIC.
	1542	eccentricity	The amount of deviation from a centre.
	1543	eccentricity of alidade	The distance between the centre of figure of the index points of an ALIDADE and the centre of figure of the graduated CIRCLE.
	1544	eccentricity of circle	The distance between the centre of figure of a graduated CIRCLE of an instrument and its centre of ROTATION.
	1545	eccentricity of ellipse	The ratio of the distance between the centre and a focus of an ellipse to the length of its semi-major axis.
	1546	eccentricity of instrument	The combination of ECCENTRICITY OF CIRCLE and ECCENTRICITY OF ALIDADE. The effect of eccentricity of instruments on an observed DIRECTION is... more The combination of ECCENTRICITY OF CIRCLE and ECCENTRICITY OF ALIDADE. The effect of eccentricity of instruments on an observed DIRECTION is eliminated by having the VERNIERS or MICROMETER MICROSCOPES, with which the CIRCLE is read, spaced at equal distances around the CIRCLE.
	1547	eccentric reduction	In TRIANGULATION, the CORRECTION which must be applied to a DIRECTION observed by an instrument with either the instrument or SIGNAL, or bot... more In TRIANGULATION, the CORRECTION which must be applied to a DIRECTION observed by an instrument with either the instrument or SIGNAL, or both, eccentric, to reduce the observed value to what it would have been if there had been no ECCENTRICITY.
	1548	eccentric signal	A SIGNAL which is not in the same vertical line with the STATION it represents.
	1549	eccentric station	A survey point over which an instrument is centred and OBSERVATIONS are made, which is not in the same vertical line with the STATION it rep... more A survey point over which an instrument is centred and OBSERVATIONS are made, which is not in the same vertical line with the STATION it represents, and to which the OBSERVATIONS will be reduced before being combined with OBSERVATIONS at other STATIONS. Also called false station or satellite station. See ECCENTRIC REDUCTION.
	1550	echo	Reflected RADIANT ENERGY.
	1551	echo(es): false	In ECHO SOUNDING, ECHOES caused by a foreign matter such as KELP or fish, or by LAYERS of water differentiated by sudden changes of temperat... more In ECHO SOUNDING, ECHOES caused by a foreign matter such as KELP or fish, or by LAYERS of water differentiated by sudden changes of temperature or SALINITY (or both). False echoes are occasionally recorded by ECHO SOUNDERS, and might be interpreted erroneously as the correct DEPTH. Also called side echo(es) or false target. See PHANTOM BOTTOM.
	1552	echo(es): multiple	In ECHO SOUNDING, any of the ECHOES received subsequent to the first one and due to a multiplicity of REFLECTIONS back and forth between the... more In ECHO SOUNDING, any of the ECHOES received subsequent to the first one and due to a multiplicity of REFLECTIONS back and forth between the BOTTOM and surface. These REFLECTIONS often register on the DIAL of a usual indicator, or on the FATHOGRAM of a graphic recorder, at multiplies of the true DEPTH. Such ECHOES are sometimes mistaken for the first ECHO.
	1553	echo(es): side	See ECHO(ES): FALSE.
	1554	echogram	A graphic record of depth measurements obtained by an ECHO SOUNDER. See FATHOGRAM.
	1555	echometer	(France). An ultrasonic ECHO SOUNDER with a visual depth-indicating device. The SIGNALS are produced and received by quartz-crystal transmit... more (France). An ultrasonic ECHO SOUNDER with a visual depth-indicating device. The SIGNALS are produced and received by quartz-crystal transmitting and receiving units. Its RANGE is from 6 to 660 METRES.
	1556	echo ranging	The determination of distance by measuring the time interval between transmission of a radiant energy signal, usually SOUND, and the return ... more The determination of distance by measuring the time interval between transmission of a radiant energy signal, usually SOUND, and the return of its ECHO.
	1557	echoscope	(France). An ultrasonic ECHO SOUNDER similar to ECHOMETER. The echoscope is portable, intended for shoal-water sounding from small boats. It... more (France). An ultrasonic ECHO SOUNDER similar to ECHOMETER. The echoscope is portable, intended for shoal-water sounding from small boats. Its RANGE is from 1 to 60 METRES.
	1558	echo sounder	An instrument for determining the DEPTH of water by measuring the time interval between the emission of a sonic or ultrasonic SIGNAL and the... more An instrument for determining the DEPTH of water by measuring the time interval between the emission of a sonic or ultrasonic SIGNAL and the return of its ECHO from the BOTTOM. Also called echo sounding instrument (or apparatus), sonic depth finder,or ultrasonic depth finder, as appropriate. See also SUB-BOTTOM PROFILER, SWATH(E) SOUNDING SYSTEM.
	1559	echo sounding	Determination of the DEPTH of water by measuring the time interval between emission of a sonic or ultrasonic SIGNAL and return of its ECHO f... more Determination of the DEPTH of water by measuring the time interval between emission of a sonic or ultrasonic SIGNAL and return of its ECHO from the BOTTOM. Also called acoustic sounding. See also ECHO SOUNDER.
	1560	echo sounding instrument (or apparatus)	See ECHO SOUNDER.
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