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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	primary radar	初级雷达	See RADAR.	通过发射信号并接收来自目标反射的入射能以探测目标的雷达。它与次级雷达不同，次级雷达在雷达发射脉冲后，接收发射机应答器通过脉冲触发后所发回的脉冲信号。
	primary tide	主潮	See TIDE.	直接反应于引潮力的那部分潮振动。
	primary tide station	主验潮站	See STATION: TIDE.	参见tide station（验潮站）。
	prime meridian	本初子午线	See MERIDIAN.	指经度为0°、用作经度测量原点的子午线。目前，普遍使用英国格林威治子午线作为本初子午线。
	prime vertical	卯酉圈	See PRIME VERTICAL CIRCLE.	参见prime vertical circle（卯酉圈）。
	prime vertical circle	卯酉圈	The VERTICAL CIRCLE through the east and west points of the HORIZON. Often shortened to prime vertical.	通过地平圈东西点的垂直圈。通常简写为prime vertical。
	priming of the tide(s)	潮时提前	The acceleration in the TIMES of occurrence of HIGH and LOW WATER due to changes in the relative positions of the MOON and the SUN. The oppo... more The acceleration in the TIMES of occurrence of HIGH and LOW WATER due to changes in the relative positions of the MOON and the SUN. The opposite effect is called LAGGING OF THE TIDES.	由于月亮和太阳相对位置的变化所引起的高、低潮发生次数的加速。与之相对的叫做 lagging of the tides（潮时延后）。
	principal axis	主轴	See AXIS OF LENS.	参见axis of lens（透镜光轴）。
	principal distance	主距	The perpendicular distance from the internal PERSPECTIVE CENTRE to the plane of a particular finished NEGATIVE or PRINT. This distance is e... more The perpendicular distance from the internal PERSPECTIVE CENTRE to the plane of a particular finished NEGATIVE or PRINT. This distance is equal to the CALIBRATED FOCAL LENGTH corrected for both the enlargement or reduction ratio of the film or paper shrinkage or expansion and maintains the same perspective angles at the internal PERSPECTIVE CENTRE to points on the finished NEGATIVE or PRINT, as existing in the taking CAMERA at the moment of EXPOSURE.	从内透视中心到某一特定负片或照片平面的垂距。该垂距与标定焦距（该标定焦距已进行了胶片缩放比或像纸皱缩、伸展的改正）相等，并在照相机曝光时，使从内透视中心到该负片或照片上的点的透视角度保持不变。
	principal line	主纵线	In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, the trace of the PRINCIPAL PLANE upon the PHOTOGRAPH, (e.g., the line through the PRINCIPAL POINT and the PHOTOGRAPH NAD... more In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, the trace of the PRINCIPAL PLANE upon the PHOTOGRAPH, (e.g., the line through the PRINCIPAL POINT and the PHOTOGRAPH NADIR).	摄影测量学中像片上的主平面轨迹（如通过像主点和像底点的连线）。
	principal meridian	首子午线，（像片）主纵线	See MERIDIAN.	（美国术语）指在直角坐标测量系统中，从起始点向南北两方向延伸的真南北线（子午线）。它与基线一起构成该坐标系的轴，以起始点作为该坐标系的原点。参见principal line。
	principal parallel	主横线	See PARALLEL: PHOTOGRAPH.	参见photograph parallel（像横线）。
	principal plane	主平面	In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, the vertical plane through the internal PERSPECTIVE CENTRE containing the photograph perpendicular of a tilted PHOTOGRA... more In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, the vertical plane through the internal PERSPECTIVE CENTRE containing the photograph perpendicular of a tilted PHOTOGRAPH.	在摄影测量学中，指穿过内透视中心的垂直面，它包含了与倾斜摄影像片相垂直的像片。
	principal point	像主点	In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, the foot of the perpendicular from the interior PERSPECTIVE CENTRE to the plane of the PHOTOGRAPH (i.e. the foot of the... more In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, the foot of the perpendicular from the interior PERSPECTIVE CENTRE to the plane of the PHOTOGRAPH (i.e. the foot of the photograph perpendicular).	摄影测量学中从内透视中心到像平面的垂足（即该像片的垂足）。
	principal scale	主比例尺，基本比例尺	See SCALE.	描述球体或旋转椭球体缩小的比例，以它们相应半径的分数关系式表示。
	principal vertical circle	主子午圈	The VERTICAL CIRCLE through the north and south points of the HORIZON, coinciding with the CELESTIAL MERIDIAN.	通过地平圈南点和北的垂直圈，与天球子午圈相重合。
	print	像片，印像	In PHOTOGRAPHY, a copy made from a transparency by photographic means.	在摄影学中，指采用摄影方法由透明材料制作的副本。
	print: blue	蓝图	A nonreproducible blue image or outline usually printed photographically on paper.	通过晒图技术打印在照相纸上的影像或轮廓图。
	print: contact	接触晒印，接触印象	A photographic PRINT made from either a NEGATIVE or a POSITIVE in contact with a sensitized material.	用感光材料接触的正片或负片制作的摄影像片。
	print: ozalid	重氨晒图	A photographic contact print developed by a dry diazo process. The process produces a POSITIVE from a positive IMAGE or a NEGATIVE from a n... more A photographic contact print developed by a dry diazo process. The process produces a POSITIVE from a positive IMAGE or a NEGATIVE from a negative IMAGE.	由干式重氨法形成的接触晒印像片。此方法可从正影像生产出正像或从负影像生产出负影像。
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