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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	territorial waters	领水	See TERRITORIAL SEA.	从领海基线起算不超过12海里宽度的区域。
	tesla	特斯拉	The unit of magnetic flux density in the SI SYSTEM.	国际标准单位制中的磁通量单位。
	test	壳，介壳	The hard covering or supporting structure of many invertebrates; it may be enclosed within an outer layer of living tissue; a SHELL.	许多无脊椎动物的坚硬外壳或支撑架；它可能包含在活细胞组织的外壳内；贝壳。
	Texas tower	得克萨斯式塔，雷达台	A fixed tower mounted on the CONTINENTAL SHELF or on a SHOAL, used to drill and operate gas or petroleum wells, and to provide a platform fo... more A fixed tower mounted on the CONTINENTAL SHELF or on a SHOAL, used to drill and operate gas or petroleum wells, and to provide a platform for AIDS TO NAVIGATION and meteorological or oceanographic instrumentation.	一种设置在大陆架或浅滩上的固定塔，用于钻探和开发天然气或石油，并为航标、气象或海洋仪器提供平台。
	thalweg	NULL	See TALWEG.	NULL
	thaw	解冻，触解	Melting of SNOW and/or ICE, at the EARTH's surface, following a temperature rise above 0°C.	地球表面冰雪的融化，伴随着融化温度上升到0℃以上。
	thematic map	专题地图	See MAP.	为表示特殊要素或概念而设计的地图，在传统的用法方面，这个术语不包括地形图。
	theodolite	经纬仪	A precision surveying instrument consisting of an ALIDADE with a TELESCOPE. It is mounted on an accurately graduated CIRCLE and is equipped... more A precision surveying instrument consisting of an ALIDADE with a TELESCOPE. It is mounted on an accurately graduated CIRCLE and is equipped with necessary LEVELS and reading devices. Sometimes, the ALIDADE carries a graduated VERTICAL CIRCLE.	一种由望远镜及照准仪组成的精密测量仪器。它设置在一个精确的度盘上，并配备有水准器和读数装置。有时该照准仪带有一个垂直度盘。
	theodolite: direction	测向经纬仪	A THEODOLITE in which the graduated HORIZONTAL CIRCLE remains fixed during a series of OBSERVATIONS, the TELESCOPE being pointed on a numb... more A THEODOLITE in which the graduated HORIZONTAL CIRCLE remains fixed during a series of OBSERVATIONS, the TELESCOPE being pointed on a number of SIGNALS or objects in succession, and the DIRECTION of each read on the CIRCLE, usually by the use of MICROMETER MICROSCOPES.	一种经纬仪。使用测向经纬仪时，在一系列观测中度盘位置保持不变，望远镜顺序照准信号或者物体，通常使用测微器显微镜读取照准时度盘上每个方向观测值。
	theodolite: face(s) of	NULL	See FACE(S) OF THEODOLITE.	NULL
	theodolite: repeating	复测经纬仪	A THEODOLITE so designed that successive measures of an angle may be accumulated on the graduated CIRCLE, and a final reading of the CIRCLE ... more A THEODOLITE so designed that successive measures of an angle may be accumulated on the graduated CIRCLE, and a final reading of the CIRCLE made which represents the sum of the repetitions. The observed value of the angle is obtained by dividing the total arc passed through in making the series of OBSERVATIONS by the number of times the angle has been observed. Also called repeating instrument. See REPETITION METHOD OF OBSERVATION.	一种经纬仪，可将对某角的连续测量累计到度盘上并可读出度盘上表示该复测总和的最后读数。将该读数除以测角次数即可得出该角的观测值。亦称repeating instrument（复测仪）。参见repetition method of observation（重复观测法）。
	theodolite: transit	转镜经纬仪	See TRANSIT.	天文学中某星体或其他天体经过天球的某一特定线，如子午圈、卯圈或地平纬圈的视通过。不指明特定线时，通常以经过子午圈为中天。某星体或其他天体经过望远镜十字丝或视准线的视通过。某较小天体经过较大天体视面的视通过。一种由带有圆形刻度的水平度盘和带有望远镜的照准部组成的测量仪器，该望远镜可... more 天文学中某星体或其他天体经过天球的某一特定线，如子午圈、卯圈或地平纬圈的视通过。不指明特定线时，通常以经过子午圈为中天。某星体或其他天体经过望远镜十字丝或视准线的视通过。某较小天体经过较大天体视面的视通过。一种由带有圆形刻度的水平度盘和带有望远镜的照准部组成的测量仪器，该望远镜可在支架原位倒转。亦指这种倒转性能。在其支架上装有可纵转测量望远镜的经纬仪即是中星仪，亦称转镜经纬仪。所有现代经纬仪均是转镜经纬仪。一种有望远镜的天文仪器，在调整到适当位置后，其视准线可用来确定垂直圈。航海中指当两个较远的固定物标位于一条线上时它们相对于观测者的位置。这条线经过了这两个物标，并且测者也在位置线上。
	theodolite axes	经纬仪轴线	See AXIS: HORIZONTAL and AXIS: VERTICAL.	在经纬仪或子午仪中，望远镜俯仰纵转的旋转轴。亦称trunnion axis或transit axis。在经纬仪或子午仪中，通过仪器中心的线，仪器的照准部绕该线旋转。
	theodolite drag	经纬仪制动	See DRAG (of THEODOLITE).	由于经纬仪照准部的旋转，带动其刻度盘作微小的转动。
	theoretical error	理论误差	See ERROR.	由固有的物理条件所引起的系统误差，这种误差是观测者无法控制的。亦称external error。
	thermal equator	热赤道	See EQUATOR.	地球各子午线上年平均气温最高的点的连线。亦称heat equator。
	thermal layer	温跃层	See THERMOCLINE.	某水体水层中的垂直负温梯度，比其上面或下面的梯度明显加大；亦指发生该梯度变化的水层。由于夏季水面增温作用，海洋中主要温跃层可能是季节性的，或者是永久性的，亦称discontinuity layer或thermal layer。
	thermocline	温跃层	A vertical negative temperature gradient in some LAYER of a body of water, which is appreciably greater than the GRADIENTS above and below i... more A vertical negative temperature gradient in some LAYER of a body of water, which is appreciably greater than the GRADIENTS above and below it; also a LAYER, in which such a GRADIENT occurs. The principal thermoclines in the OCEAN are either seasonal, due to heating of the surface water in summer, or permanent. Also called discontinuity layer, or thermal layer.	某水体水层中的垂直负温梯度，比其上面或下面的梯度明显加大；亦指发生该梯度变化的水层。由于夏季水面增温作用，海洋中主要温跃层可能是季节性的，或者是永久性的，亦称discontinuity layer或thermal layer。
	thermocline: transient	暂态温跃层	A small decrease in vertical temperature observed above the THERMOCLINE. It is a short-term PHENOMENON associated primarily with diurnal he... more A small decrease in vertical temperature observed above the THERMOCLINE. It is a short-term PHENOMENON associated primarily with diurnal heating and wind mixing.	温跃层上面垂直温度的微小下降。这是一种与周日增温和风混合相关的短期现象。
	thermogram	温度自记曲线	Record made by a THERMOGRAPH.	由温度记录器保留的记录。
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