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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	survey: wire-drag	扫海测量	A HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY made utilizing a WIRE DRAG. In areas of rocky BOTTOM or where submerged obstacles such as WRECKS are present, a wire... more A HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY made utilizing a WIRE DRAG. In areas of rocky BOTTOM or where submerged obstacles such as WRECKS are present, a wire-drag survey represents the most practical way of making sure that all OBSTRUCTIONS or dangers have been found and least DEPTHS over them obtained. Also called wire drag sweep.	利用扫海具进行的海道测量。在海礁区底或发现水下障碍物（如沉船）时，扫海测量是确切探明障碍或危险物，并得到其上最小深度的一种最实用的方法。
	survey buoy	测量浮标	See BUOY.	测量船为控制海道测量而投放的一种浮标。
	survey boat	测量艇	A boat used for hydrographic surveys.	用于海道测量的小船。
	surveying	测量学，测量	Specifically, the science or art of making such measurements as are necessary to determine the RELATIVE POSITION of points above, on, or be... more Specifically, the science or art of making such measurements as are necessary to determine the RELATIVE POSITION of points above, on, or beneath the surface of the EARTH, or to establish such points. Generally, the art of making a SURVEY.	为测定地球表面上方、面上或面下点位相对位置，或建立这些点位所需测量的科学和技术。通常指完成一项测量的技术。
	surveying: plane	平面测量	A branch of the art of SURVEYING in which the surface of the EARTH is considered a plane surface. In plane surveying, curvature of the EARTH... more A branch of the art of SURVEYING in which the surface of the EARTH is considered a plane surface. In plane surveying, curvature of the EARTH is neglected, and computations are made using the formulae of plane geometry and plane trigonometry.	测量技术的一个分支，它把地球表面视为一个平面。平面测量不考虑地球曲率，计算时使用平面几何和平面三角公式。
	surveying (or mapping) camera	测量（测图）摄像机，测量相机	See CAMERA.	为测量拍摄照片而专门设计的一种摄影机。摄影机前的测图或测量两词系表示该摄影机装有保持和指示像片内方位的装置，并能满足测量的精度要求。测图摄影机可能是航空测图摄影机或地面测图摄影机。
	surveying sextant	测量六分仪	See SEXTANT: SOUNDING.	一种主要供海道测量使用的，结构简单且坚固的航海六分仪，没有遮光罩，有一个广角、低倍率放大望远镜，其圆弧刻度一般以分为单位。常配有游标或测微装置。两个镀银反射镜可使量测角度达到180°。一些水深测量六分仪装有90°角棱镜，用以反射90°法线视准线至左侧。美国术语称作surveyin... more 一种主要供海道测量使用的，结构简单且坚固的航海六分仪，没有遮光罩，有一个广角、低倍率放大望远镜，其圆弧刻度一般以分为单位。常配有游标或测微装置。两个镀银反射镜可使量测角度达到180°。一些水深测量六分仪装有90°角棱镜，用以反射90°法线视准线至左侧。美国术语称作surveying sextant, 或 hydrographic sextant 。
	survey mark	测量标志	An object placed at the site of a station to identify the surveyed location of that station. In particular, an object whose coordinates are ... more An object placed at the site of a station to identify the surveyed location of that station. In particular, an object whose coordinates are used for control in a geodetic network. Also called MARKER, geodetic marker, and MONUMENT.	设置在测站上，用以辨别该测站已测定位置的物体。特别指其坐标用于大地测量网控制的物体。亦称marker, geodetic marker, and monument。
	survey net	测量网	See LEVEL NET, TRIANGULATION NET.	水准测量路线相连接在一起形成环状系统，覆盖于测区，亦称survey net。三角弧，有时用导线连接起来在海上形成一个回线或环线网络。而覆盖在某一海区，当与小岛联测时，有时称tie net 。亦称traverse net或survey net。
	surveyor	测量员（者）	A person engaged in SURVEYING.	从事测量工作的人员。
	surveyor's compass	测量罗经	See COMPASS.	利用照准装置、水平刻度盘和装在枢轴上的磁针照准线磁方位的一种仪器。
	survey sheet	测量原图，外业图板	See HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY SHEET.	一个既指外业测量原图，又指测深成果图的术语。亦称survey sheet。
	survey (or surveying) ship (or vessel)	测量船	A vessel or platform (e.g. aircraft) specially equipped for carrying out TOPOGRAPHIC, HYDROGRAPHIC and/or OCEANOGRAPHIC SURVEY.	为完成海道测量和（或）海洋测量而专门装备的舰船。亦见Survey vessel (ship) or platform。
	survey signal	测量觇标	See SIGNAL.	天然的或人工的观测目标与结构，它们的平面位置，有时包括垂直位置是通过测量得到的。测量标志是按照测量的种类专门设计的，在某种测量中确定这些标志，在其它的测量中可能以后才用到它们。
	survey station	测站	See STATION.	一般指用作科学观测和量测的永久或临时地点。在测量中，指其位置已经（或有待）测定的点。测站可以是有标志站（即不同程度的永久性可恢复站）或无标志站（不能恢复）。亦称survey station。
	survey traverse	测量导线	See TRAVERSE.	一种从外业测量中获得地球上各点之间一系列测线长度和方向并用于确定这些点的位置的测量方法。亦称survey traverse。
	Swallow float	斯瓦罗浮筒	A tubular BUOY, usually made of aluminium, that can be adjusted to remain at a selected density level to drift with the motion of that wate... more A tubular BUOY, usually made of aluminium, that can be adjusted to remain at a selected density level to drift with the motion of that water mass. The FLOAT is tracked by shipboard listening devices and current velocities can be determined.	通常由铝制成的管状浮标，它可被校准以保持在所选择的密度层，并随水团运动漂移。浮标由船舷水听器追踪并能测定海流速度。
	swamp	沼泽地	An area of spongy land saturated with water. It may have a shallow covering of water, usually with a considerable amount of vegetation appea... more An area of spongy land saturated with water. It may have a shallow covering of water, usually with a considerable amount of vegetation appearing above the surface.	饱含水分的海绵状陆地区域，或许由浅水覆盖，表面通常有相当多的植物生长。
	swash	冲刷水道；冲激坝，冲溅	A narrow CHANNEL or SOUND within a sand bank, or between a sand bank and the SHORE. Also calledswashway. A BAR over which the SEA washes. T... more A narrow CHANNEL or SOUND within a sand bank, or between a sand bank and the SHORE. Also calledswashway. A BAR over which the SEA washes. The rush of water up onto a BEACH following the breaking of a WAVE.	在沙滩上或沙滩与海岸间的窄水道。亦称swashway。海水冲刷成的沙坝。紧随波浪破碎后，海水冲上岸滩。
	swash channel	冲刷水道	A CHANNEL across a BANK, or among SHOALS.	横穿沙洲或浅滩间的水道。
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