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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	coherent electromagnetic wave	相干电磁波	See WAVE: ELECTROMAGNETIC.	参见electromagnetic wave（电磁波）。
	col	山峡，山隘；低压带，鞍部	A marked DEPRESSION in the summit line of a MOUNTAIN CHAIN, generally affording a PASS from one SLOPE to the other. In METEOROLOGY, a saddl... more A marked DEPRESSION in the summit line of a MOUNTAIN CHAIN, generally affording a PASS from one SLOPE to the other. In METEOROLOGY, a saddle-backed region of almost uniform pressure which appears between two DEPRESSIONS and two ANTICYCLONES arranged alternately in a cross.	山脉山脊线上明显的下凹处，可以通过其从一个坡到达另一个坡。气象学中，两高压和两低压相对组成的中间鞍形气压区域。
	colatitude	余纬	The complement of the LATITUDE, or 90° minus the LATITUDE.	纬度的余数，90度减去纬度。
	cold front	冷锋	Any non-occluded FRONT which moves in such a way that colder air replaces warmer air.	按冷气团替换暖气团方式运动的一种非锢囚锋。
	cold wave	寒潮	Marked cooling of the air, or the invasion of very cold air, over a large area.	指大范围气温显著下降或受冷空气侵袭。
	collector tracing	测深记录	A comprehensive record of the work compiled while the HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY is in progress.	海洋测量进行中所汇编的一种综合工作记录。
	collimate	校准，照准	(v.t.). In physics and ASTRONOMY, to render parallel to a certain line or direction; to render parallel, as RAYS of light; to adjust the LIN... more (v.t.). In physics and ASTRONOMY, to render parallel to a certain line or direction; to render parallel, as RAYS of light; to adjust the LINE OF SIGHT of an optical instrument so that it is in the proper position relative to the other parts of the instruments. In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, to adjust the FIDUCIAL MARKS of a CAMERA so that they define the PRINCIPAL POINT.	物理学和天文学中，使设备平行于指定的线或方向；使光线平行；调整光学仪器视准轴使之与仪器其他部分的相关位置正确。在摄影测量中，指调节相机的框标，从而确定像主点。
	collimation: line of	NULL	The line through the OPTICAL CENTRE of the OBJECTIVE LENS of a TELESCOPE and the centre of the RETICLE. Also called LINE OF SIGHT, sight lin... more The line through the OPTICAL CENTRE of the OBJECTIVE LENS of a TELESCOPE and the centre of the RETICLE. Also called LINE OF SIGHT, sight line, pointing line or aiming line of the instrument.	NULL
	collimation adjustment	视准校正	The process of bringing the LINE OF COLLIMATION of a TELESCOPE into close agreement with the COLLIMATION AXIS.	调整视准线与视准轴使二者密切重合的过程。
	collimation axis	视准轴，照准轴	The line through the OPTICAL CENTRE of the OBJECTIVE LENS perpendicular to the AXIS of ROTATION of the TELESCOPE. Also called axis of collim... more The line through the OPTICAL CENTRE of the OBJECTIVE LENS perpendicular to the AXIS of ROTATION of the TELESCOPE. Also called axis of collimation.	穿过物镜光学中心，并垂直于望远镜旋转轴的直线。也称作视准轴（axis of collimation）。
	collimation error	视准误差，准直差	See ERROR OF COLLIMATION.	参见error of collimation（视准差）。
	collimator	准直器	An optical device for artificially creating a TARGET at infinite distance (a BEAM of parallel RAYS of light) used in testing and adjusting c... more An optical device for artificially creating a TARGET at infinite distance (a BEAM of parallel RAYS of light) used in testing and adjusting certain optical instruments. It usually consists of a converging LENS and a TARGET (a system or arrangement of CROSS HAIRS) placed at the principal FOCUS of the LENS.	测试和校正某些光学仪器时所使用的设备，它可以模拟在无限远距离处产生一目标（一种平行光的光束）。它通常由聚光透镜和瞄准具（置于主焦面上的一组十字丝）组成。
	collimator: auto	NULL	A COLLIMATOR provided with a means of illuminating its CROSS HAIRS so that, when a reflecting plane is placed normal to the emergent LIGHT B... more A COLLIMATOR provided with a means of illuminating its CROSS HAIRS so that, when a reflecting plane is placed normal to the emergent LIGHT BEAM, the reflected IMAGE of the CROSS HAIRS appears to be coincident with the CROSS HAIRS themselves. This device is used in calibrating optical and mechanical instruments.	NULL
	collimator: vertical	垂直准直仪，垂准器	A TELESCOPE so mounted that its COLLIMATION AXIS can be made to coincide with the VERTICAL (or direction of PLUMB-LINE). The vertical collim... more A TELESCOPE so mounted that its COLLIMATION AXIS can be made to coincide with the VERTICAL (or direction of PLUMB-LINE). The vertical collimator serves as an optical PLUMB-LINE, and may be designed for use in placing a MARK on the GROUND directly under an instrument or in centering an instrument directly over a MARK on the GROUND.	一种用特殊形式安装的望远镜，它能使其视准轴与垂直线（铅垂线方向）重合。能利用它直接在仪器下设置地面标志或直接在地面标志上使仪器对中。
	colour of sea water	海（水颜）色	See SEA WATER.	海水表层的视在颜色，产生颜色的原因是：可见光谱的某些成分伴随着溶解物质、密集浮游生物、岩屑或其他物质的影响而引起的反射。水色从深蓝到黄色变化，以数值表示高低，用福莱尔水色计测定。浮游生物的聚集会使海水暂时呈红、白、绿或其他颜色。也称作水色。参见discoloured water（... more 海水表层的视在颜色，产生颜色的原因是：可见光谱的某些成分伴随着溶解物质、密集浮游生物、岩屑或其他物质的影响而引起的反射。水色从深蓝到黄色变化，以数值表示高低，用福莱尔水色计测定。浮游生物的聚集会使海水暂时呈红、白、绿或其他颜色。也称作水色。参见discoloured water（变色海水）。
	colour proof	彩色打样	The final proof for checking before printing utilizing all of the negatives involved to produce a copy of the final product with all of the ... more The final proof for checking before printing utilizing all of the negatives involved to produce a copy of the final product with all of the required colours. See also PROOF.	在印刷之前用于检查的最后校样，即利用所有相关的底片，使用所有需要颜色生产最终产品样张。亦可参见proof（校样）。
	colour plate	彩色印版	A general term for a pressplate from which any given colour is printed.	能印刷任何所需要颜色的印刷版的总称。
	colour separation	分色	Either the process of preparing a separate drawing, engraving or negative for each colour required in the production of a chart or a photogr... more Either the process of preparing a separate drawing, engraving or negative for each colour required in the production of a chart or a photographic process or electronic scanning procedure using colour filters to separate a multi-coloured copy into separate images of each of the three primary colours.	无论是在准备单独的绘图、刻图或生产海图所需要的每种颜色的底片过程中，还是在相片处理或电子扫描过程中，都要用滤色片将多色拷贝分成三种主色之一的单色图像。
	colure: equinoctial	二分圈	The HOUR CIRCLE through the EQUINOXES.	穿过二分点的时圈。
	colure: solsticial	二至圈	The HOUR CIRCLE through the SOLSTICES.	过二至点的时圈。
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