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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	large scale survey	大比例尺测量	See SURVEY.	在大比例尺水平上的海道测量。大比例尺测量通常为港口疏浚或者其它类型的港口改善提供详细的信息。
	LASH	载驳货船	See LIGHTER ABOARD SHIP.	见lighter aboard ship（载驳货船）。
	laser	激光，激光器	Light amplification by stimulated emission of RADIATION. A device that produces an intense BEAM of monochromatic, spatially coherent light.	受激辐射光放大器。该设备能产生一束强烈的单色、空间相干光。
	last quarter	下弦	See PHASES OF THE MOON.	参见phase of the moon（月相）。
	lateral buoy	侧面浮标	See LATERAL MARK	参见lateral mark（侧面标志）。
	lateral mark	侧面标志	In the IALA Maritime Buoyage System a NAVIGATION MARK used to indicate the PORT or STARBOARD side of the ROUTE to be followed. They are gen... more In the IALA Maritime Buoyage System a NAVIGATION MARK used to indicate the PORT or STARBOARD side of the ROUTE to be followed. They are generally used for well defined CHANNELs and are used in conjunction with a conventional direction of BUOYAGE. See also LATERAL SYSTEM.	在IALA海上浮标系统中，用来指示船舶航行路线左侧或右侧的标志。它们通常用于边界清晰的航道，且与传统方位标联合使用。亦可见lateral system（侧面标系统）。
	lateral system	侧面标系统，水上航道浮标系统	A buoyage system generally used for well defined CHANNELS; buoyage marks indicate the POSITION of dangers in relation to the route to be fol... more A buoyage system generally used for well defined CHANNELS; buoyage marks indicate the POSITION of dangers in relation to the route to be followed by mariners in their vicinity.	通常用于界限明确的航道上的浮标系统；浮标为引航员指示在航海者相关航行路线附近的危险物位置。
	latitude	纬度	ANGULAR DISTANCE from a PRIMARY GREAT CIRCLE or plane. One of the COORDINATES used to describe a POSITION, the other being LONGITUDE.	从基本大圆或平面起算的角距。描述某一位置的坐标之一，另一个是经度。
	latitude: astronomical	NULL	ANGULAR DISTANCE between the DIRECTION OF GRAVITY and the plane of the EQUATOR. Astronomical latitude is the LATITUDE which results directly... more ANGULAR DISTANCE between the DIRECTION OF GRAVITY and the plane of the EQUATOR. Astronomical latitude is the LATITUDE which results directly from OBSERVATIONS on CELESTIAL BODIES, uncorrected for DEFLECTION OF THE VERTICAL.	NULL
	latitude: celestial	黄纬	ANGULAR DISTANCE north or south of the ECLIPTIC; the arc of a CIRCLE OF LATITUDE between the ECLIPTIC and a point on the CELESTIAL SPHERE, m... more ANGULAR DISTANCE north or south of the ECLIPTIC; the arc of a CIRCLE OF LATITUDE between the ECLIPTIC and a point on the CELESTIAL SPHERE, measured northward or southward from the ECLIPTIC through 90°, and labelled N or S to indicate the direction of measurement. Also called ecliptic latitude.	黄道北或南的角距离。黄道与天球上某一点之间的纬圈圆弧。从黄道向北或向南测量90°，采用N或S表示测量方向。也称作ecliptic latitude（黄纬）。
	latitude: geocentric	地心纬度	The angle at the centre of the EARTH between the plane of the EQUATOR and a line to a point on the surface of the EARTH.	地心到地球表面某一点的直线和赤道平面的夹角。
	latitude: geodetic	大地纬度	The angle which the NORMAL at a point on the SPHEROID makes with the plane of the GEODETIC EQUATOR.	参考椭球上某一点的法线与大地赤道平面的夹角。
	latitude: geographic(al)	地理纬度	A general term, applying alike to ASTRONOMICAL and GEODETIC LATITUDES.	天文纬度和大地纬度的统称。
	latitude: geometric	归化纬度，参量纬度	See LATITUDE: PARAMETRIC.	参见parametric latitude（参量纬度）。
	latitude: isometric	等量纬度	An auxiliary LATITUDE used in the conformal mapping of the SPHEROID on a sphere.	一种辅助纬度，用于表示椭球在球面上的等角映射。
	latitude: magnetic	磁纬度	The angle whose tangent is one half the tangent of the magnetic inclination or DIP.	其正切是磁倾角正切二分之一的角度。
	latitude: parametric	参量纬度	The angle at the centre of a sphere which is tangent to the SPHEROID along the GEODETIC EQUATOR, between the plane of the EQUATOR and the ra... more The angle at the centre of a sphere which is tangent to the SPHEROID along the GEODETIC EQUATOR, between the plane of the EQUATOR and the radius to the point intersected on the sphere by a straight line perpendicular to the plane of the EQUATOR and passing through the point on the SPHEROID whose parametric latitude is defined. Parametric latitude is an auxiliary LATITUDE used in problems of GEODESY and CARTOGRAPHY. Also calledreduced latitude, geometric latitudeor eccentric angle.	设想一球体与椭球在赤道相切，由球体上某点向赤道平面作垂线，则该垂线与椭球体交点的参量纬度为过球体交点的半径与赤道面所夹的球心角即定义为参量纬度。参量纬度是一种用于解决大地测量学和制图学问题的辅助纬度。亦称reduced latitude（归化纬度）、geometric latit... more 设想一球体与椭球在赤道相切，由球体上某点向赤道平面作垂线，则该垂线与椭球体交点的参量纬度为过球体交点的半径与赤道面所夹的球心角即定义为参量纬度。参量纬度是一种用于解决大地测量学和制图学问题的辅助纬度。亦称reduced latitude（归化纬度）、geometric latitude（归化纬度）或eccentric angle（偏心角）。
	latitude: reduced	归化维度	See LATITUDE: PARAMETRIC.	参见parametric latitude（参量纬度）。
	latitude: terrestrial	地面纬度	ANGULAR DISTANCE from the EQUATOR, measured northward or southward through 90° and labelled N or S to indicate the direction of measuremen... more ANGULAR DISTANCE from the EQUATOR, measured northward or southward through 90° and labelled N or S to indicate the direction of measurement.	从赤道起算的角距，向北或向南各量至90°，分别以N或S表示测量方向。
	latitude factor	纬度因子	The change in LATITUDE along a CELESTIAL LINE OF POSITION per 1' change in LONGITUDE.	沿天体位置线经度每变化1′相应纬度的变化。
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