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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	ship-to-shore triangulation	船/岸（水陆）三角测量	See TRIANGULATION.	一种三角测量方法，采用从三个岸上站同时对中间站离岸船只携带的物标进行观测。中间站与两个端点站之间必须通视。
	shipyard	船坞，造船厂	A place where ships are built or repaired.	修造船舶的地方。
	shoal	变浅	(adj.). SHALLOW.	深度由大到小的过程。使深度变小。
	shoal	变浅	(n.). An offshore hazard to surface NAVIGATION with substantially less clearance than the surrounding area and composed of unconsolidated ma... more (n.). An offshore hazard to surface NAVIGATION with substantially less clearance than the surrounding area and composed of unconsolidated material.	深度由大到小的过程。使深度变小。
	shoal	变浅	(v.i.). To proceed from a greater to a lesser DEPTH. To cause to become less deep.	深度由大到小的过程。使深度变小。
	shoaling effect	趋浅效应	The alteration of a WAVE proceeding from deep water to SHALLOW WATER.	波浪自深水向浅水行进的变更作用。
	shoot	测高，击中；拍摄，摄影	(v.t.). To observe the ALTITUDE of (a CELESTIAL BODY).	用激光观测天体的高度。
	shore	岸、滨	The narrow strip of LAND in immediate contact with any body of water including the area between HIGH and LOW WATER lines.	紧接水域的陆地狭窄地带。包括高潮线和低潮线之间的地带。
	shoreface	滨面，岸面	The narrow zone seaward from the low tide shoreline, permanently covered by water, over which the beach sands and gravels actively oscillate... more The narrow zone seaward from the low tide shoreline, permanently covered by water, over which the beach sands and gravels actively oscillate with changing wave conditions.	自低潮线向海的窄区，那里常年被海水覆盖，海滨沙粒和海滩砾石随着变化的波浪方向经常变动。
	shore lead	冰道，冰岸水道	A LEAD between PACK ICE and the SHORE, or between PACK ICE and a narrow fringe of FAST ICE.	在堆积冰和海岸之间，或者堆积冰与固结冰缘之间的通道。
	shoreline	岸线	The line where SHORE and water meet. Although the terminology of COASTS and SHORES is rather confused, shoreline and coastline are generally... more The line where SHORE and water meet. Although the terminology of COASTS and SHORES is rather confused, shoreline and coastline are generally used as synonymous.	水与岸滨相接的界线。虽然术语coast(海岸)和shore(岸滨)有时易混淆，但coastline和shoreline常作为同义词使用。
	shoreline map	海岸线地图	Shoreline maps are the graphic representation of planetable and photogrammetric surveys. The maps contain graphic data relating to the sho... more Shoreline maps are the graphic representation of planetable and photogrammetric surveys. The maps contain graphic data relating to the shoreline, alongshore natural and man‑made features, and a narrow zone of natural and man‑made features inland from the shoreline. The original sources of a shoreline map are ground survey data and photographs. Utilizing these sources, photogrammetric map compilation techniques, and instruments, cartographers generate shoreline maps, overlays, and associated data. The data are primarily generated to support nautical chart maintenance, new nautical chart construction, and hydrographic survey operations.	海岸线图是平板仪测量和摄影测量结果的图形描绘。内容包括以下图形资料：海岸线，沿岸自然与人工地物，岸线以上陆地带的自然与人工地物。海岸图的原始资料是地面测量资料和像片，测图员应用这些资料，利用摄影测图技术和仪器，生产出海岸线地图，透明片以及有关数据。这些数据主要用于航海图改正，新海... more 海岸线图是平板仪测量和摄影测量结果的图形描绘。内容包括以下图形资料：海岸线，沿岸自然与人工地物，岸线以上陆地带的自然与人工地物。海岸图的原始资料是地面测量资料和像片，测图员应用这些资料，利用摄影测图技术和仪器，生产出海岸线地图，透明片以及有关数据。这些数据主要用于航海图改正，新海图编制以及海道测量作业。
	shore station	岸台	See FIXED STATION.	整个工作期间都在某一固定地点的无线电定位台。其对应术语是车载无线电站。亦称shore station。在海洋学中，指进行海洋观测重复使用的平台。它们包括：海岸和岛屿站、灯标船、气象预报船、自动观测站及冰情观测站等。亦称fixed platform。
	short baseline acoustic system	短基线声定位系统	An underwater acoustic position fixing system comprising a minimum of three hydrophones on the hull of a surface vessel. Three ranges are me... more An underwater acoustic position fixing system comprising a minimum of three hydrophones on the hull of a surface vessel. Three ranges are measured to a beacon either mounted on the seabed or a submersible to obtain a three-dimensional position fix.	一种水下声定位系统，在水面船只外壳上安置三个小型水听器，对安置在海床上或潜艇上的标志测出三个距离，获得其定点的三维位置。
	short range navigation	近程导航	See NAVIGATION.	导航设备仅作用于短距离的导航。与近程导航相对的是远程导航。
	short wave	短波	See WAVE.	一种比标准广播波段波长短的无线电波。在海洋学中，是指相对深度（水深/波长）大于0.5且相位速度与水深无关，而与波长有关的波。
	shower	阵雨，暴雨	PRECIPITATION, often short-lived and heavy, falling from convective CLOUDS; the drops or solid particles in showers are usually bigger than ... more PRECIPITATION, often short-lived and heavy, falling from convective CLOUDS; the drops or solid particles in showers are usually bigger than the corresponding elements in other types of PRECIPITATION. Showers are characterized by their sudden beginning and ending, generally by large and rapid changes of intensity, and, most frequently, by the appearance of the sky; namely, rapid alternations of dark, menacing CLOUDS (cumulonimbus) and of CLEARANCES of short duration.	短暂而猛烈的降水，自对流云层降落，雨滴或固态颗粒比其它种类的降水要大得多。暴雨的特点是骤然开始与停止；降水密度大幅度且急速改变；最显著的是天空的变化，即浓密黑暗的云层（积雨云）与短暂的晴朗现象迅速交替出现。
	shuga	冰花，冰团	An accumulation of spongy white ice lumps, a few centimetres across; the lumps are formed from grease ice or slush and sometimes from anchor... more An accumulation of spongy white ice lumps, a few centimetres across; the lumps are formed from grease ice or slush and sometimes from anchor ice rising to the surface.	松软白色冰块的堆积，直径约几厘米，冰块产生于脂状冰或冰凌，有时产生于升起在水面的锚冰。
	shutter	快门	In PHOTOGRAPHY, the mechanism of a CAMERA which controls the length of time the EMULSION is exposed.	在摄影测量中，照相机上用于控制感光乳剂曝光时间长度的装置。
	shutter: between-the-lens	中心快门，镜间快门	A SHUTTER located between the lens elements of a CAMERA; usually consisting of thin metal leaves which open and close or revolve to make the... more A SHUTTER located between the lens elements of a CAMERA; usually consisting of thin metal leaves which open and close or revolve to make the EXPOSURE.	通常由金属薄片组成的位于相机透镜之间的快门，可通过金属片的开关和旋转控制曝光。
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