Term 术语 Definition 定义
spatial
空间的,立体的
(adj.). Pertaining to or limited by space.
属于空间的或受空间限制的。
special mark
专用标志
In the IALA Maritime Buoyage System, a special mark indicates an area or FEATURE referred to in NAUTICAL documents; it is not primarily inte... more
In the IALA Maritime Buoyage System, a special mark indicates an area or FEATURE referred to in NAUTICAL documents; it is not primarily intended to assist NAVIGATION.
在国际航标协会海上浮标系统中,指示有关航海资料涉及区域或地物的专门标志,这些标志最初不是为助航目的设立的。
special purpose map
专用地图
See MAP.
指主要为满足特殊需要而设计的任何地图。
specific gravity
比重
The ratio of the density of a sub­stance at a given temperature and the density of some other substance used as a STANDARD. For liquids and ... more
The ratio of the density of a sub­stance at a given temperature and the density of some other substance used as a STANDARD. For liquids and solids, the STANDARD assumed is the density of distil­led water at 4°C.
在一定的温度下,一种物质的密度与作为标准的其它物质密度的比率。对液体和固体来说,假设标准是4℃的蒸馏水密度。
spectroscope
分光镜,分光仪
An optical instrument for forming SPEC­TRA. It is very useful in studying the characteris­tics of CELESTIAL BODIES.
产生光谱的光学仪器。在研究天体性质时非常有用。
spectrum
光谱,波谱,频谱;领域,范围
(pl. spectra). A series of IMAGES formed when a BEAM of RADIANT ENERGY is separated into its various WAVE LENGTH components, as when a BEAM ... more
(pl. spectra). A series of IMAGES formed when a BEAM of RADIANT ENERGY is separated into its various WAVE LENGTH components, as when a BEAM of white light is refracted and dispersed by a prism. The entire RANGE of electromagnetic RADIATIONS, or any part of it used for a specific purpose, as the RADIO SPECTRUM (10 kilohertz to 300,000 MEGAHERTZ).
当白光束通过棱镜折射或色散时,辐射能波束被分离成不同波长的部分,由此形成一组图像。电磁辐射的总范围,或指其用于专门用途的任何部分,称为无线电频谱(10千赫-300000兆赫)。
specular reflection
镜面反射
The type of reflection, in optics or microwave theory, characteristic of a highly polis­hed plane surface from which all rays are reflected ... more
The type of reflection, in optics or microwave theory, characteristic of a highly polis­hed plane surface from which all rays are reflected at an angle equal to the angle of incidence.
光学和微波理论中的一种反射,其特点是,自高度磨光的平面所反射的全部射线,其反射角均等于入射角。
speed
速度
Rate of motion. The terms speed and VELOCITY are often used interchan­geably, but speed is a scalar, having magnitude only, while VELOCITY i... more
Rate of motion. The terms speed and VELOCITY are often used interchan­geably, but speed is a scalar, having magnitude only, while VELOCITY is a vector quan­tity, having both magnitude and direction. Speed may either be the ship's speed through water, or the SPEED MADE GOOD over ground.
运动的速率。speed和velocity在使用中常可互换,但前者是标量,只有量值,后者是矢量,既有量值又有方向。
speed: angular
角速度
Change of direction per unit time. Also called angular rate or angular velocity.
单位时间内的方向变化。也称作angular rate 或者angular velocity(角速率)。
speed: ground
地速
See GROUND SPEED.
在航空学中,飞机在飞行中相对于地面的速度。亦可参见air speed(空速)。
speed: linear
线速度
Rate of motion in a straight line.
沿直线运动的速率。
speed: relative
相对速率,相对速度
See RELATIVE MOTION.
参见relative motion(相对运动)。
speed line
速度线
A LINE OF POSITION approximately perpendi­cular to the COURSE.
近似垂直于航线的位置线。
speed made good
实际航速
The actual velocity of the ship along a course measured in relation to the ocean bottom or to fixed objects ashore.
船只沿航线行驶时,相对于海底或岸上物体测定的实际速度。
speed of lens
相对孔径, 透镜速率
See APERTURE: RELATIVE.
对摄像机或望远镜的透镜来说,等效焦距与入射光瞳直径之比,可表示为f:4.5;亦称f数、f制光圈或透镜速度。
speed of propagation
传播速度
The speed with which waves of energy travel through or along a medium other than a specially constructed path.
能量波通过或沿着除专门路径之外的介质传导所具有的速度。
speed of relative movement
相对运动速度
See RELATIVE MOTION.
一物体相对于另一物体的运动。常用于船只、鱼雷、导弹相对于另一物体的运动之类相关事物。这种运动的方向称相对运动方向,速度称相对运动速度。在用于自地球观测天体位置变化时,常称作视运动。也称relative movement。
speed of sound
声速
The SPEED OF PROPAGATION of sound waves .
声波的传播速度。
speedometer
速度计,测速计
An ODOMETER recording the SPEED of a craft by a process of differentiation.
通过微分过程记录船舶速度的计程仪。
speed scale
测速尺
See SCALE.
图示比例尺,通过该比例尺可以快速并准确地确定测量船的速度,或其在特定时间内通过的距离。