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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	eccentric angle	偏心角	See LATITUDE: PARAMETRIC.	参见parametric latitude（参量纬度）。
	eccentricity	偏心距	The amount of deviation from a centre.	从中心的偏差量。
	eccentricity of alidade	照准部偏心	The distance between the centre of figure of the index points of an ALIDADE and the centre of figure of the graduated CIRCLE.	照准部旋转中心与水平刻度盘中心之间的距离。
	eccentricity of circle	度盘偏心	The distance between the centre of figure of a graduated CIRCLE of an instrument and its centre of ROTATION.	仪器度盘的中心与旋转轴中心的距离。
	eccentricity of ellipse	椭圆偏心率	The ratio of the distance between the centre and a focus of an ellipse to the length of its semi-major axis.	椭圆中心距焦点的距离与长半轴长度的比值。
	eccentricity of instrument	仪器偏心	The combination of ECCENTRICITY OF CIRCLE and ECCENTRICITY OF ALIDADE. The effect of eccentricity of instruments on an observed DIRECTION is... more The combination of ECCENTRICITY OF CIRCLE and ECCENTRICITY OF ALIDADE. The effect of eccentricity of instruments on an observed DIRECTION is eliminated by having the VERNIERS or MICROMETER MICROSCOPES, with which the CIRCLE is read, spaced at equal distances around the CIRCLE.	度盘偏心和照准部偏心的综合。仪器偏心对观测方向的影响主要通过使用游标尺或者千分尺在度盘上等间距读取度盘读数来消除。
	eccentric reduction	偏心改正	In TRIANGULATION, the CORRECTION which must be applied to a DIRECTION observed by an instrument with either the instrument or SIGNAL, or bot... more In TRIANGULATION, the CORRECTION which must be applied to a DIRECTION observed by an instrument with either the instrument or SIGNAL, or both, eccentric, to reduce the observed value to what it would have been if there had been no ECCENTRICITY.	在三角测量中，对使用测量仪器观测的方向角必须实施的改正。它通常利用设备或者觇标或者两者的偏心值改正观测值，消除偏心对测量值的影响。
	eccentric signal	偏心觇标	A SIGNAL which is not in the same vertical line with the STATION it represents.	一种不与其代表站点在同一条垂直线上的觇标。
	eccentric station	偏心观测站	A survey point over which an instrument is centred and OBSERVATIONS are made, which is not in the same vertical line with the STATION it rep... more A survey point over which an instrument is centred and OBSERVATIONS are made, which is not in the same vertical line with the STATION it represents, and to which the OBSERVATIONS will be reduced before being combined with OBSERVATIONS at other STATIONS. Also called false station or satellite station. See ECCENTRIC REDUCTION.	在其上方进行测量仪器对中以及实施观测的测量点，它与其代表的站点不在同一条垂直线上，并且在同其它站点观测值联合计算时需要对观测值进行偏心改正。也称为false station或 satellite station（偏心观测站）。见eccentric reduction（偏心改正）。
	echo	回波	Reflected RADIANT ENERGY.	反射的辐射能。
	echo(es): false	NULL	In ECHO SOUNDING, ECHOES caused by a foreign matter such as KELP or fish, or by LAYERS of water differentiated by sudden changes of temperat... more In ECHO SOUNDING, ECHOES caused by a foreign matter such as KELP or fish, or by LAYERS of water differentiated by sudden changes of temperature or SALINITY (or both). False echoes are occasionally recorded by ECHO SOUNDERS, and might be interpreted erroneously as the correct DEPTH. Also called side echo(es) or false target. See PHANTOM BOTTOM.	NULL
	echo(es): multiple	NULL	In ECHO SOUNDING, any of the ECHOES received subsequent to the first one and due to a multiplicity of REFLECTIONS back and forth between the... more In ECHO SOUNDING, any of the ECHOES received subsequent to the first one and due to a multiplicity of REFLECTIONS back and forth between the BOTTOM and surface. These REFLECTIONS often register on the DIAL of a usual indicator, or on the FATHOGRAM of a graphic recorder, at multiplies of the true DEPTH. Such ECHOES are sometimes mistaken for the first ECHO.	NULL
	echo(es): side	NULL	See ECHO(ES): FALSE.	NULL
	echogram	回声图，回声测深图	A graphic record of depth measurements obtained by an ECHO SOUNDER. See FATHOGRAM.	回声测深仪所测得的水深在其记录纸上图形记录。参见fathogram（回声图）。
	echometer	回声测深仪	(France). An ultrasonic ECHO SOUNDER with a visual depth-indicating device. The SIGNALS are produced and received by quartz-crystal transmit... more (France). An ultrasonic ECHO SOUNDER with a visual depth-indicating device. The SIGNALS are produced and received by quartz-crystal transmitting and receiving units. Its RANGE is from 6 to 660 METRES.	（法国）一种超声波测深设备，它具有一台可视化水深显示设备。声信号通过石英晶体发送和接收单元产生和接收。它的测深范围从6米到660米。
	echo ranging	回波测距	The determination of distance by measuring the time interval between transmission of a radiant energy signal, usually SOUND, and the return ... more The determination of distance by measuring the time interval between transmission of a radiant energy signal, usually SOUND, and the return of its ECHO.	一种通过测量辐射能信号（通常是声波）发送和回波返回的时间间隔来确定距离的方法。
	echoscope	浅水回声测深仪	(France). An ultrasonic ECHO SOUNDER similar to ECHOMETER. The echoscope is portable, intended for shoal-water sounding from small boats. It... more (France). An ultrasonic ECHO SOUNDER similar to ECHOMETER. The echoscope is portable, intended for shoal-water sounding from small boats. Its RANGE is from 1 to 60 METRES.	（法国）类似于超声波测深仪的设备。这种测深仪是便携的，用于从小船上进行浅水测深。它的测深范围从1米到60米。
	echo sounder	回声测深仪	An instrument for determining the DEPTH of water by measuring the time interval between the emission of a sonic or ultrasonic SIGNAL and the... more An instrument for determining the DEPTH of water by measuring the time interval between the emission of a sonic or ultrasonic SIGNAL and the return of its ECHO from the BOTTOM. Also called echo sounding instrument (or apparatus), sonic depth finder,or ultrasonic depth finder, as appropriate. See also SUB-BOTTOM PROFILER, SWATH(E) SOUNDING SYSTEM.	一种通过测量声波或者超声波信号发射和回声信号从水底返回的时间间隔确定水深的仪器。也称之为echo sounding instrument （回声测深工具（或者设备）），sonic depth finder（声波测深仪）或者ultrasonic depth finder（超声波测深... more 一种通过测量声波或者超声波信号发射和回声信号从水底返回的时间间隔确定水深的仪器。也称之为echo sounding instrument （回声测深工具（或者设备）），sonic depth finder（声波测深仪）或者ultrasonic depth finder（超声波测深仪）。也可参见SUB-BOTTOM PROFILER（海底地层剖面仪），swath(e) sounding system（侧扫声呐系统）。
	echo sounding	回声测深	Determination of the DEPTH of water by measuring the time interval between emission of a sonic or ultrasonic SIGNAL and return of its ECHO f... more Determination of the DEPTH of water by measuring the time interval between emission of a sonic or ultrasonic SIGNAL and return of its ECHO from the BOTTOM. Also called acoustic sounding. See also ECHO SOUNDER.	通过测量声波或者超声波信号发射和回声信号从水底返回的时间间隔来确定水深的技术。也称为声波测深。亦可参见echo sounder（回声测深仪）。
	echo sounding instrument (or apparatus)	回声测深仪	See ECHO SOUNDER.	参见echo sounder（回声测深仪）。
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